Yes - you can charge the Surface Pro 11 via USB-C with a USB-C Power Delivery (PD) charger; a special Surface power supply is not mandatory. According to Microsoft, Surface models with USB-C support charging via USB-C PD, but Microsoft recommends a USB-C PD charger with the recommended wattage for best performance (fast charging usually requires at least 45 W; lower wattages charge more slowly or the device only starts at around 10% charge level), while the Surface Connect power supply remains an alternative charging option.

Important for you:
- Check whether your current Lenovo charger supports USB-C Power Delivery (PD) and what output power (watts) it delivers; for fast charging, Microsoft typically recommends 45 W or more for many Surface models.
- If the charger delivers less than ~60 W, the device may charge until it reaches about 10% before booting when the battery is completely drained.
- Use a good USB-C to USB-C cable that supports PD; cheap cables or USB-A to USB-C adapters may not be sufficient.

I'm not completely sure if the exact minimum and recommended wattage specifically for this Surface Pro 11 configuration model is in the specs here; for exact wattage requirements, I recommend checking the device specs or Surface Support for model EP2-08390 or using the "Surface 45W USB-C Wall Charger" power adapter model if you want Fast Charging.