Yes, it can, it even fires a UAP-XG (and it needs a lot of juice)
https://community.ui.com/questions...
[needs 802.3BT and requires 40W]
May also work with another POE switch (i.e. -AF), the UAP-XG is normally never fully utilised, but could reach the limits of what the switch can supply in terms of POE.
I used an older Edgerouter switch, for example
So I had 2 Ethernet cables from the switch to the XP, one POE+1GBit (no POE adapter used) and a second with 10GBit
Disadvantage of the US-XG-6POE: it is quite loud and also gets hot in the cabinet

I don't have a PoE device that requires 10Gb. However, I don't see why PoE activation couldn't be done on a 10Gb port. However, I can't test it

Which is more worthwhile? This switch here or the Unifi Enterprise 8 switch? I've also searched the internet for a newer switch, as this one is a bit older, but haven't found anything. 10GbE is important to me, especially PoE, I'm just put off by the fact that there are "only" 4 RJ45 ports, I don't really need SFP.

Yes, it can do that (tested with a UAP-XG). I doubt whether this is really the killer feature.

Correct. You have 4 x 10gbe and poe+ ports. The other 2 are 10gbe Sfp+ modules.
I have my Unifi 6 Enterprise AP on the switch and the Unifi 6 Pro also work. Unfortunately I have not tested more.
For further questions please contact me.

That is correct. The disadvantage here is that you only have four ports with PoE+ available. The others are a console port and two fibre optic ports.