I use the adapter with ordinary SATA hard-disks therefore I do not have direct experience related to mSATA. Nevertheless all the comments that I have seen on the web are consistent with the two already present in this thread. It does not seem to be possible without an additional adapter.

The USB adapter will not work directly if that’s what you mean. However if you use a external enclosure suitable for the mSATA, that should act as a workable solution. Be aware you’ll get USB 3.0 speed and loose a bit of the mSATA speed. Hope that helps with your project.

As far as I'm aware, given the mSATA and SATA connectors are different, you won't be able to use this to connect to an mSATA drive unless you also have an mSATA to SATA adapter.